What are all the building blocks of MVC application?

M (Model) - Business Logic

V (View) - look and feel (html + server side script)

C (Controller) - Binding Model & View 

How MVC works?

Controller receives user request first and extract the required data by interacting with Model and applies the retrieved data into the view and produce the HTML as response and render back to client browser

What are the different .NET core web application template available?

Web API
Web Application
Web Application (Model-View-Controller)
Angular
React.js
React.js and Redux

Note: In VS 2019, they